"The fuel pressure will change according to calculated load. If your load goes up beyond a certain point, so will the fuel pressure." ..... OK, I understand this part. Above a certain calculated load threshold (based on airflow reading from the MAF sensor), the ECU steps up the fuel pressure to a higher theoretical target.... but exactly how does our returnless fuel system work?...
Randy, correct me if I'm wrong (I'm not all that familiar with returnless style fuel systems)...
I see a vacuum line connected from the intake manifold to the fuel pressure sensor located on the fuel rail. Based on the physical appearance of the sensor, it looks like fuel pressure acts on one side of a diaphragm, vacuum acts on the other side, and the combined force probably acts on a single load cell in the sensor housing (or some other similar way.) In short, the sensor compares fuel pressure with the air pressure in the manifold. Basically, this would be the electronic version of a vacuum-compensated mechanical fuel pressure regulator (FPR). In traditional MAF equipped applications with fuel injectors that are exposed to intake manifold pressures, this is done to vary the "base" fuel pressure (in our case, a "target pressure" of 39.69 or 53 psi, depending on engine "load") with the actual pressure in the intake manifold... as the pressure in the manifold drops, the FPR lowers fuel pressure... as pressure in the manifold increases, the FPR increases fuel pressure. This allows the fuel injectors to inject the same amount of fuel for a given pulse-width regardless of what the air pressure in the intake manifold is. I'm assuming our fuel pressure sensor is used to accomplish the same thing electronically.
So Randy... does our fuel pressure sensor in fact behave this way, and, thus, does the ECU adjust fuel pressure on the fly based on the air pressure in the intake manifold? Or something completely different?